From the attributes of Allaah, is that He does whatsoever He wants. Nothing comes to pass, except by His desire (Iraadah) and nothing escapes His Will (Mashee'ah). There is nothing in this world that escapes from His preordainment (Taqdeer) and nothing emanates except that it is through His disposal (Tadbeer). There is no o­ne that can go around the preordainment (Qadr) that has been recorded for him. Nor can o­ne surpass what has been recorded for him in the Written Tablet (Al-Lauh-ul-Mahfoodh). He wills all that the creation does. And if He had protected them from sin, how would they disobey Him? And if He willed that they all obey Him, they would have surely obeyed Him. He created the creation and their actions. He preordained their provision and the lengths of their lives. And He guides whomsoever He wills through His wisdom. Allaah says:

“He cannot be questioned as to what He does, while they will be questioned." [1]

Allaah says:

"Verily,  We  have  created   all  things  with   Qadr  (Divine preordainment)." [2]

And He says:

"He has created everything, and has measured it exactly according to its due measurements." [3]
 
And He says: 

"No calamity befalls o­n the earth or in yourselves, except that it is in a Book (Al-Lauh-ul-Mahfoodh) before We bring it into existence." [4]

And He says:

"And whomsoever Allaah wills to guide, he opens his breast to Islaam; and whomsoever He wills to send astray, He makes his breast closed and constricted." [5]

Ibn 'Umar reported that Jibreel asked the Prophet (صلى الله عليه وسلم)  what Eemaan was, so he   responded: "To believe in Allaah, His angels, His books, the Last Day and Al-Qadr, the good of it and the bad of it." Then Jibreel told him: "You have spoken truthfully." [6]

And the Prophet (صلى الله عليه وسلم)  said: "1 believe in Al-Qadr, the good of it and the bad of it, the sweet of it and the bitter of it." [7]

One of the supplications that the Prophet (صلى الله عليه وسلم) taught Al-Hasan Ibn 'Alee and which he, himself, used to supplicate with during the Qunoot of Witr, was: "And save me from the evil You have ordained." [8]

We do not use Al-Qadaa' and Al-Qadr of Allaah as an excuse for us to abandon following His commandments and avoiding His prohibitions.[9] Rather, we are obligated to believe in and know that with Allaah is the proof by His revealing of the Books and His sending of the Messengers.

Allaah says:

"In order that mankind shall have no excuse against Allaah after the (coming of) Messengers." [10]

We know that Allaah, may He be Blessed and Exalted, did not command or forbid except that which is able to be acted upon or abandoned. He did not force anyone to commit acts of disobedience nor did He compel anyone to abandon obeying Him. Allaah, the Most High says:

"Allaah has not given any soul a responsibility, except that He has given it the ability (to carry out that responsibility)." [11]
 
And Allaah says:
  
"So fear Allaah as much as you are able."

And Allaah says:

"This Day every person shall be recompensed for what he earned. There will be no injustice (upon anybody in their judgement) o­n that Day." [12]

This indicates that every servant possesses actions and earnings. He will be recompensed for his good deeds with reward and for his bad deeds with punishment. This will occur by the execution (Al-Qadaa) and the preordainment (Al-Qadr) of Allaah.

Footnotes:

[1] Surat-ul-Anbiyaa: 23

[2] Surat-uI-Qamar: 49

[3] Surat-ul-Furqaan: 2

[4] Surat-ul-Hadeed: 22

[5] Surat-ul-Ana'aam: 125

[6] Saheeh - Reported by Muslim in his Saheeh (no. 1) in the Book of Faith.

[7] Da'eef- Reported by Al-Haakim ia Ma'arifatu 'Ulootn-il-Hadeeth (no. 31), Itis weak due to o­ne of the narralors of the chain, Yazeed Ar-Raqaashee.  He is da'eef as is stated in At-Tuqreeb (7683).  An-Nasaa'ee rfs said he was matrook(to be abandoned) and Ahmad said his hadeeth are to be rejected. See Al-Meezaan (4/418).

[8] Saheeh - Reported by Ahmad (no. 1723), Abu Dawood (no. 1425), At-Tirmidhee (no. 464), An-Nasaa'ee (3/248) and Ibn Maajah (no. 1178). Its chainis authentic, as has been stated by the late Shaikh, Ahmad Shaakir in his notesto Sunan At-Tirmidhee.

[9] The issue of Al-Qadr is not an excuse for a Muslim to remain a sinner. Consequently when Muslims are told to stop sinning, some of them say: "Allaah has written that I go to Hell, so it doesn't matter if I sin or not," This is an untrue statement, since no o­ne knows what Allaah has written for anyone, unless it is found in the Book of Allaah or the Sunnah of His Messenger  . Furthermore, Allaah attributes each deed to the servant performing it and He places it as something that that individual has earned for himself. Allaah says: "This Day, every person shall be recompensed for what he earned." (Surah Ghaafir: 17] If o­ne did not have a choice in doing a deed, then Allaah would not have attributed the deed to him. Thus, Allaah frees Himself from the deed and informs us that it is something that o­ne earns for himself. So how can he blame Allaah's predestination (Al-Qadr} for his own actions? Surat-un-Nisaa': 165

[10] Surat-ul-Baqarah: 286 

[11] Surat-ut-Taghaabun: 16

[12] Surah Ghaafir: 17